What are the three calcium channel blockers?
Calcium channel blocking agents are generally classified into three groups according to their chemical structure: benzothiazepines (diltiazem); phenylalkylamines (verapamil); and the dihydropyridines (amlodipine, bepridil, felodipine, isradipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, and nisoldipine).
What are the L type calcium channel blockers?
Three classes of chemically distinct L-type Ca2+ channel blockers have been widely used clinically depending on their biophysical and conformation-dependent interactions with the L-type Ca2+ channel. These 3 classes include the dihydropyridine, the phenylalkylamine (verapamil), and the benzothiazepine (diltiazem).
What is the newest calcium channel blocker?
Cilnidipine is a recently developed CCB, and possesses both L- and N-type calcium channel blocking activity [23]. Since N-type calcium is distributed along the nerve and in the brain, cilnidipine is anticipated to exert specific action on nerve activity, such as inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system.
Which is the most potent calcium channel blocker?
All currently available CCBs are vasodilators and thereby reduce blood pressure. The relative potency of CCBs as vasodilators varies, with dihydropyridine-type compounds, such as nifedipine, regarded as the most potent subclass, and verapamil, diltiazem, and bepridil as somewhat less potent.
Which is better ACE inhibitor or calcium channel blocker?
Studies in high-risk patients suggest that ACE inhibitors are superior to CCBs and other drugs in protection against cardiovascular events and renal disease.
What is N type and L-type calcium channel blocker?
However, L-/N-type calcium channel blockers inhibits norepinephrine release from the sympathetic nerve terminal by blockade of N-type calcium channels, and dilate both afferent and efferent arterioles, which were innervated sympathetically, resulting in decrease in glomerular pressure.
Is magnesium a natural calcium channel blocker?
Oral magnesium acts as a natural calcium channel blocker, increases nitric oxide, improves endothelial dysfunction, and induces direct and indirect vasodilation.
Can I take vitamin D with calcium-channel blockers?
Similarly, normal doses of vitamin D-3 (4,000 IU a day or less) do not significantly affect calcium levels, and may be taken with calcium-channel blockers.
Is Valsartan A L-type calcium channel blocker?
Examples of calcium channel blockers include amlodipine (Norvasc), amlodipine and atorvastatin (Caduet), amlodipine and benazepril (Lotrel), amlodipine and valsartan (Exforge), amlodipine and telmisartan (Twynsta), amlodipine and olmesartan (Azor), amlodipine and olmesartan and hydroclorothiazide (Tribenzor).